Shadow states and armed struggle
Historian article
By Luke Rimmo Lego, Abigail Tamang and Sneha Singh with Laishram Bullion and Chinglai Ngamba Moirangthem, published 14th November 2025
Crafting the Freedom Movements after 1947 on the borders of India, East Pakistan/Bangladesh and Burma/Myanmar
How did groups resisting the creation of new borders after 1947 use shadow state structures? Luke Rimmo Lego, Abigail Tamang and Sneha Singh with Laishram Bullion and Chinglai Ngamba Moirangthem explore the history of these structures and their development over the past half century.
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