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  • The world in 1913: friendly societies

      Historian article
    Friendly societies were designed to help members to cope with the illness, death or unemployment of a household's breadwinner. Each month members, mostly men, paid into the society, often at a meeting in a pub and in return payments from the pooled funds were made to ill members and to...
    The world in 1913: friendly societies
  • Podcast Series: Politics, Reform and War

      Multipage Article
    In the first part of this series we look at UK political history, political reform and the domestic impact of the World Wars. This series features Professor Eric Evans, Professor Stanley Henig, Professor Richard Grayson, Professor Keith Laybourn, Dr Daniel Todman and Dr Helen Parr. Also in the series: The Women's Movement, Religion in the...
    Podcast Series: Politics, Reform and War
  • Podcast Series: The British Empire 1600-1800

      The British Empire
    An HA Podcasted History of the early British Empire featuring Professor Trevor Burnard of the University of Warwick, Professor Stephen Conway of University College London, Dr Jon Wilson of King's College London, Professor Gad Heuman of the University of Warwick.
    Podcast Series: The British Empire 1600-1800
  • Women, education and literacy in Tudor and Stuart England

      Historian article
    To booke and pen: Women, education and literacy in Tudor and Stuart England As a student in the early 1970s, I became acutely aware that formal provision for women's education was a relatively recent development. I was at Bedford College, which originated in 1849 as the first higher education institution...
    Women, education and literacy in Tudor and Stuart England
  • Strange Journey: the life of Dorothy Eckersley

      Historian article
    Meeting in Berlin Three days before the outbreak of the Second World War, William Joyce, the leader of the British Nazi group, the National Socialist League, was in Berlin. He and his wife, Margaret, had fled there fearing internment by the British government if war broke out. Yet as war...
    Strange Journey: the life of Dorothy Eckersley
  • Podcast Series: Early Modern Ireland

      Multipage Article
    This series of podcasts featuring Professor Sean Connolly and Professor David Hayton of Queen's University Belfast looks at Irish History from 1500-1800. Topics covered include Tudor Ireland, the Eleven Years War, Restoration Ireland, the significance of the reigns of James II and William III and politics in Ireland during the...
    Podcast Series: Early Modern Ireland
  • The role of Devon's militia during the Spanish Armada crisis

      Historian article
    The precise role of Devon's militia during summer 1588 has, until recently, been shrouded by the recurrent tendency of historians to misinterpret the primary function of the militias in the southern maritime counties. The basic idea put forward has been that their main role during the Armada crisis was to...
    The role of Devon's militia during the Spanish Armada crisis
  • How damaging to the Nazis was the Shetland Bus between 1940 and 1944?

      Historian article
    The Shetland Bus operation may be considered successful in that it supplied Norwegian resistance movements with weapons and took many refugees from Norway to Shetland, and that it managed to bind just shy of 300,000 German troops in Norway. However, because of this operation, forty-four men lost their lives, and...
    How damaging to the Nazis was the Shetland Bus between 1940 and 1944?
  • Women, War and Revolution

      Classic Pamphlet
    On the surface, the period 1914 to 1945 seems to have encompassed massive changes in the position of women in Europe, in response to the demands of war and revolution. Yet historians have questioned the extent of the transformation, since the acquisition of the vote, as well as improvements in...
    Women, War and Revolution
  • Film: Domestic Politics and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Professor Sue Doran, Jesus College, University of Oxford and Professor Steven Gunn, Merton College, University of Oxford, discuss the impact that domestic politics and rebellion had on Tudor Royal Authority and the development of domestic policy. If you're unable to see the film below, please use the link for your Membership...
    Film: Domestic Politics and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion
  • Film: Foreign Relations and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Professor Sue Doran, Jesus College, University of Oxford and Professor Steven Gunn, Merton College, University of Oxford discuss the role foreign relations played in Tudor royal authority and the amount of power Tudor monarchs were able to exercise. The film will explore common threads and differences in foreign policy...
    Film: Foreign Relations and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion
  • Film: Religion and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Professor Sue Doran, Jesus College, University of Oxford and Professor Steven Gunn, Merton College, University of Oxford, look at the role religion played in defining the reigns and authority of the Tudor monarchs. If you're unable to see the film below, please use the link for your Membership type:Historian...
    Film: Religion and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion
  • Film: The significance of advisers – discussion

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Professor Sue Doran, Jesus College, University of Oxford and Professor Steven Gunn, Merton College, University of Oxford examine the role and importance of royal advisers to the developement of Tudor Royal Authority. If you're unable to see the film below, please use the link for your Membership type:Historian members |...
    Film: The significance of advisers – discussion
  • Film: Personality and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Professor Sue Doran, Jesus College, University of Oxford and Professor Steven Gunn, Merton College, University of Oxford discuss the role and significance of 'personality' to Tudor Royal Authority. If you're unable to see the film below, please use the link for your Membership type:Historian members | Primary members |...
    Film: Personality and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion
  • Film: Elizabeth I and Tudor Royal Authority

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film, Professor Sue Doran, Jesus College, University of Oxford, looks at the two main challenges to Elizabeth I's authority: gender and religion. Professor Doran looks at the power of Elizabeth's personality, her relationship with her advisers plus the significance of religion and domestics politics to shaping her reign and...
    Film: Elizabeth I and Tudor Royal Authority
  • Film: Mary I and Tudor Royal Authority

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Dr Anna Whitelock from Royal Holloway, University of London, discusses the life of Mary I, the first crowned Queen of England. Dr Whitelock looks at Mary's difficult early life, her submission to Henry VIII and the rise of a warrior princess. Dr Whitelock explores Mary as a courageous...
    Film: Mary I and Tudor Royal Authority
  • Film: Edward VI and Tudor Royal Authority

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Professor Steven Gunn, Merton College, University of Oxford, looks at the reign of Edward VI and examines the impact his youth had to his authority, the importance of advisers in shaping his rule and the significance of religion and foreign relations in defining his legacy. If you're unable to...
    Film: Edward VI and Tudor Royal Authority
  • Film: Henry VII and Tudor Royal Authority

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Professor Steven Gunn, Merton College, University of Oxford, looks at the life and reign of Henry VII and examines the role and significance of religion, foreign relations, domestic politics and the nobility on Henry's establishment of the Tudor dynasty. If you're unable to see the film below, please use...
    Film: Henry VII and Tudor Royal Authority
  • Woodcraft Youth: the interwar alternative to scouting

      Historian article
    ‘We should recognize once and for all', exclaimed ‘White Fox', a rebel London Scout leader, ‘that the ideas and ideals which may have fitted fairly well into the social fabric of 1908 [year Scouts formed] may be very ill-fitting "reach-medowns" in 1920'. During the First World War, the enthusiastic support...
    Woodcraft Youth: the interwar alternative to scouting
  • Kristallnacht

      Historian article
    Why Reichskristallnacht? In The Third Reich Michael Burleigh writes: ‘We should be cautious in seeing spontaneity where frequency suggests instigation from a central source.' He comments on ‘a dialectic between "spontaneous" grassroot actions and "followup" state sponsored measures.' These remarks relate to 1935, the time of the Nuremberg Laws [the...
    Kristallnacht
  • Cyprus: another Middle East issue

      Historian article
    Although Cyprus, the third largest Mediterranean island, remained nominally under Turkish suzerainty until 1914, the British were established there after the 1878 Congress of Berlin. The idea then was that, from this base, Britain could protect Turkey against threats from Russia, while ensuring that the Turks reformed their treatment of...
    Cyprus: another Middle East issue
  • Neville Chamberlain: Villain or Hero?

      Historian article
    Perhaps no other British figure of the twentieth century has been as vilified or as celebrated as Neville Chamberlain, the British Prime Minister from 1937 to 1940. In 1999, a BBC Radio 4 poll of prominent historians, politicians and commentators rated Chamberlain as one of the worst Prime Ministers of...
    Neville Chamberlain: Villain or Hero?
  • Nazi aggression: planned or improvised?

      Historian article
    Read more like this: Nazism and Stalinism Fascism in Europe 1919-1945 Kristallnacht Anti-semitism and the Holocaust The Coming of War in 1939 Political internment without trial in wartime Britain Neville Chamberlain: villain or hero? The Mechanical Battle of Britain Since the 1960s, there have been two main schools of thought...
    Nazi aggression: planned or improvised?
  • William the First and the Sussex Rapes

      Classic Pamphlet
    During his reign, and in particular in the five years after the battle of Hastings, William I carried out the most thorough reallocation of land in England ever to take place in so short a period of time; the results were summarized in Domesday Book in 1086.That great record shows...
    William the First and the Sussex Rapes
  • The mechanical heroes of the Battle of Britain

      Historian article
    The Battle of Britain is often described as the point at which the Nazi threat began to diminish and cracks began to form in Hitler's regime. The air campaign launched by the Germans in the summer of 1940 intended to wipe out the existence of the British Royal Air Force...
    The mechanical heroes of the Battle of Britain