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  • The Enlightenment

      Classic Pamphlet
    Can a movement as varied and diffuse as the Enlightenment of the eighteenth century be contained within the covers of a short pamphlet? The problem would certainly have appealed to the intellectuals of that time. Generalists rather than specialists, citizens of the whole world of knowledge, they relished the challenge...
    The Enlightenment
  • Remember Peterloo!

      Historian article
    The BBC News at 10 on Saturday 5 July included an announcement that Manchester's campaign to have a memorial erected to the victims of the Peterloo Massacre had ‘got under way'. That afternoon, a workshop organised by the Peterloo Memorial  campaign had encouraged members of the public to express their...
    Remember Peterloo!
  • Towards Reform in 1809

      Historian article
    Two hundred years ago it must have seemed to some as if the time for political and economic reform in Britain had arrived. A number of the necessary conditions appeared to be in place: recent examples from America and France showing how readily and rapidly established systems could be overturned...
    Towards Reform in 1809
  • The National Memorial to William Ewart Gladstone

      Historian article
    To stand amidst the books in St Deiniol's Library is an intimidating experience for it is an encounter with the restless, brooding intelligence that was William Ewart Gladstone. Lord Runcie of Cuddesdon, Archbishop of Canterbury (18 May 1998) The ‘Temple of Peace' St Deiniol's Library was founded in 1894 by...
    The National Memorial to William Ewart Gladstone
  • The Road to Dunkirk

      Historian article
    Seventy years after the outbreak of the Second World War, British foreign policy in the 1930s remains as controversial as ever. While appeasement is now a byword for political failure, the reasons for its adoption and the responsibility of the statesmen concerned are constantly debated. In general, opinion looks unfavourably...
    The Road to Dunkirk
  • Fascism in Europe 1919-1945

      Classic Pamphlet
    The importance of fascism in 20th Century Europe is beyond question. But what was - or is - fascism?It is synonymous with authoritarian rule or the totalitarian state, or with both? In political terms, is fascism ‘right-wing' or ‘left-wing', revolutionary or reactionary? Why did it develop? Was it truly only...
    Fascism in Europe 1919-1945
  • The Reformed Electoral System in Great Britain, 1832-1914

      Classic Pamphlet
    The struggle for parliamentary reform between 1830 and 1832 has long been regarded as one of the decisive battles of British political history. The Tories lamented that the passage of the Reform Bill meant the destruction of the constitution. Middle class Radicals welcomed the Reform Bill as the instrument that...
    The Reformed Electoral System in Great Britain, 1832-1914
  • 'The end of all existence is debarred me': Disraeli's depression 1826-30

      Historian article
    During the years from 1826 to 1830 Benjamin Disraeli went through the slough of despond. His first major biographer,William Flavelle Monypenny, observed the ‘clouds of despondency which were now settling upon Disraeli's mind'. In his magisterial life of the great tory leader Robert Blake commented that ‘after completing Part II...
    'The end of all existence is debarred me': Disraeli's depression 1826-30
  • Britain's Olympic visionary

      Historian article
    Forty-six years before the modern Olympics began, the small Shropshire market town of Much Wenlock was the seemingly unlikely setting for the establishment of an ‘Olympian Games'. Commencing in 1850, they were to become an annual festival in the town. The architect of this sporting enterprise was a local surgeon...
    Britain's Olympic visionary
  • Catch me if you can: Trevithik vs. Stephenson

      Historian article
    Richard Trevithick & George Stephenson: a twenty firstcentury Reassessment Two hundred years ago, a remarkable event took place in London. At the instigation of Richard Trevithick, engineer, polymath and inventor - who many regard as the greatest Cornishman ever - an elliptical circuit of cast iron rail was laid out...
    Catch me if you can: Trevithik vs. Stephenson
  • Cartoons and the historian

      Historian article
    Many historical books contain cartoons, but in most cases these are little more than a relief from the text, and do not make any point of substance which is not made elsewhere. Political cartoons should be regarded as much more than that. They are an important historical source which often...
    Cartoons and the historian
  • What did you do in The Great War? A family mystery explored

      Historian article
    Research into family history is well-known as likely to dig up some uncomfortable evidence. Nearly every family has had its bastards; nearly every generation has had someone on poor relief. We had both. But more troubling was my recent suspicion that a hundred or so years ago not one but two...
    What did you do in The Great War? A family mystery explored
  • The Northern Ireland Question 1886-1986

      Classic Pamphlet
    The nature of the rights of majorities and minorities is one of the most intractable of the issues raised by the Northern Ireland question, especially since much depends on definitions. Ulster Protestants are a majority in that province but a minority in both Ireland and the United Kingdom, while Catholics,...
    The Northern Ireland Question 1886-1986
  • The People's Pensions

      Recorded lecture
    Why did the British get pensions when they did? What part did the great social surveys (Booth and Rowntree) play? Was there something rotten at the heart of Empire? What part did fears of a Red Peril play? Was Britain slow, with Bismarck and even the Tsar providing some measures of...
    The People's Pensions
  • Hat on headstones

      Historian article
    The grave markers in churchyards and cemeteries are for the most part depressingly unimaginative both in their design and in their inscriptions but one occasionally meets with an attempt at striking an individual note, such as a sculpted depiction of a motor vehicle, or an animal, or the head-gear worn...
    Hat on headstones
  • Wellington's Soldiers in the Napoleonic Wars

      Historian article
    Wellington's Soldiers in the Napoleonic Wars The war with France, which began in 1793, had moved to the Iberian Peninsula by 1808. This year is therefore the two-hundredth anniversary of the commencement of the Peninsular War campaigns. War on the Peninsula demanded huge resources of manpower in order to defeat...
    Wellington's Soldiers in the Napoleonic Wars
  • The Chapel and the Nation

      Classic Pamphlet
    The Noncoformitst chapel has played a crucial role in the history of the English and Welsh nations. When the great French historian Elie Halevy sought to explain the contrast between the turbulent history of his own country and the peaceful evolution of England in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries...
    The Chapel and the Nation
  • Guy Fawkes in Manchester: The World of William Harrison Ainsworth

      Historian article
    Some of the most enduring myths in British history were created and perpetuated by novelists, despite the fact that the historical novel has long been relegated to the second division of the literary arts. Deeply unfashionable today, writers like Sir Walter Scott, Edward Bulwer Lytton and William Harrison Ainsworth were...
    Guy Fawkes in Manchester: The World of William Harrison Ainsworth
  • The Versailles Peace Settlement

      Classic Pamphlet
    This classic pamphlet takes you through the Paris Peace Conference and the 'German Question', Peacemaking and the Treaty of Versailles, Europe and the German question after Versailles.
    The Versailles Peace Settlement
  • Landowners and their motives for change at the Suffolk village of Culford between 1793 and 1903

      Historian article
    Isabel Jones from Thomas Mills High School at Framlingham was the winner of the Young Historian Award for Local History [16-19] in 2006. The Director of the Young Historian Project, Trevor James, has edited her winning essay. It has been shortened and the footnotes removed, to enable it to fit...
    Landowners and their motives for change at the Suffolk village of Culford between 1793 and 1903
  • The Irish historians' role and the place of history in Irish national life

      Historian article
    The debate on the nation and its history is new to England; and there is, perhaps, a tendency to assume that what is new in England is new everywhere. In Ireland, the debate has been going on since the 1970s, fuelled by what is called ‘revisionism’; or rather, by a...
    The Irish historians' role and the place of history in Irish national life
  • The history of bigamy

      Historian article
    Though people are still sometimes prosecuted for repeatedly marrying immigrants to rescue them from the attentions of the Home Office, while forgetting to get divorced between times, one uncovenanted result of the now common practice of living together without matrimony is the decline of that celebrated Victorian institution: bigamy. In...
    The history of bigamy
  • Louis, John, and William: the 'Dame Europa' pamphlets, 1870-1871

      Article
    The pamphlet printing industry in England received an unexpected boost in 1871 with the appearance of numerous works written, mainly, as commentaries, satires or allegories in Britain’s attitude regarding the Franco-Prussian War. The cause of this deluge was one particular tract, first issued on Salisbury in October 1870, whose purpose...
    Louis, John, and William: the 'Dame Europa' pamphlets, 1870-1871
  • Christopher Hill: Marxism and Methodism

      Historian article
    Christopher Hill, the eminent historian of seventeenth century England, was a convinced Marxist throughout most of his long and productive life (1912-2003). He embraced this secular world-view when he was a young History student at Oxford in the polemical 1930s and never lost his ideological commitment, even though he resigned...
    Christopher Hill: Marxism and Methodism
  • Pressure and Persuasion Canadian agents and Scottish emigration, c. 1870- c. 1930

      Article
    In February, 1907, the Canadian government’s most northerly regional emigration office in the British Isles opened for business in Aberdeen. Located near the city centre, only a stone’s throw from the docks and the railway station, it soon fulfilled the expectation that it would capture the attention of a large...
    Pressure and Persuasion Canadian agents and Scottish emigration, c. 1870- c. 1930