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  • Teaching 20th-Century History Resources

      Article
    We hope you enjoyed reading Exploring and Teaching Twentieth-Century History. To help you explore the topic further we’ve put together a selection of just a few additional 20th-century history and teaching resources below. All these resources are available free to HA Secondary Members – find out more about Secondary Membership. 20th-century history podcast series We have recorded...
    Teaching 20th-Century History Resources
  • Using the concept of place to help Year 9 students to visualise the complexities of the Holocaust

      Teaching History article
    Inspired by the work of the social and cultural historian Tim Cole, Stuart Farley decided to look again at the way he teaches the Holocaust. He wanted to focus on the geographical concept of place as a way of enabling his Year 9 students to build far more diverse narratives,...
    Using the concept of place to help Year 9 students to visualise the complexities of the Holocaust
  • Polychronicon 153: Re-interpreting Liberation: the end of the Holocaust?

      Teaching History feature
    In August 1945, Zalman Grinberg, a doctor from Kovno and spokesman for the Liberated Jews in the American Zone of Germany, addressed 1,700 Jewish survivors. ‘What is the logic of destiny to let these individuals remain alive?!' he asked them: We are free now, but we do not know what...
    Polychronicon 153: Re-interpreting Liberation: the end of the Holocaust?
  • Franz Ferdinand

      Historian article
    The Kapuzinerkirche (Church of the Capuchins) in Vienna's Neue Markt is one of the more curious attractions of the city, housing as it does the Kaisergruft crypt in which the Habsburgs are entombed, or rather in which their bodies are entombed: the hearts are usually kept in the Loreto Chapel...
    Franz Ferdinand
  • Women, War and Revolution

      Classic Pamphlet
    On the surface, the period 1914 to 1945 seems to have encompassed massive changes in the position of women in Europe, in response to the demands of war and revolution. Yet historians have questioned the extent of the transformation, since the acquisition of the vote, as well as improvements in...
    Women, War and Revolution
  • The Origins of the Second Great War

      Classic Pamphlet
    This pamphlet provides a detailed account of  the events leading up to the outbreak of war in 1939, covering the various factors that played a role in the outbreak of war such as tension over Poland and the Spanish Civil War, as well as the nature and effect of diplomatic...
    The Origins of the Second Great War
  • A question of attribution: working with ghetto photographs

      Teaching History article
    Holocaust imagery is very familiar, clichéd even. How can we get pupils thinking about it in novel ways and seeing differently? Phillips reports work completed with his PGCE students, proposes a scaffold of questions with which to deconstruct images and applies it to  archive images and to Hollywood representations. Images...
    A question of attribution: working with ghetto photographs
  • Reading with other readers in mind

      Teaching History article
    Peter Turner, along with his colleagues, wished to design a cross-curricular activity for post-16 students in history and English. The enquiry they devised addressed the issue of the changing reception of the classic novel One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich in the immediate aftermath of its publication, and...
    Reading with other readers in mind
  • The Spice of Life? Ensuring variety when teaching about the Treaty of Versailles

      Teaching History article
    Please note: this article pre-dates the 2014 National Curriculum and some content may be outdated. Much has been said and written about different learning styles in recent years. Some people have responded with evangelical enthusiasm, others exercise a more cautious approach, whilst a few disregard it completely. Certainly, there are...
    The Spice of Life? Ensuring variety when teaching about the Treaty of Versailles
  • Polychronicon 162: Reinterpreting the May 1968 events in France

      Teaching History feature
    As Kristin Ross has persuasively argued, by the 1980s interpretations of the French events of May 1968 had shrunk to a narrow set of received ideas around student protest, labelled by Chris Reynolds a ‘doxa’. Media discourse is dominated by a narrow range of former participants labelled ‘memory barons’ –...
    Polychronicon 162: Reinterpreting the May 1968 events in France
  • Triumphs Show 141: using family photos to bring the diversity of Jewish lives to life

      Teaching History feature
    Headteachers, Hungarians and hats: using family photos to bring the diversity of Jewish lives to life It is 9.35am on a wet Tuesday. As the rain falls outside, fingers twitch in a Y ear 9 history classroom. The instruction is given and 28 pairs of hands spring into action, rifling...
    Triumphs Show 141: using family photos to bring the diversity of Jewish lives to life
  • Teaching the Holocaust: the experience of Vad Vashem

      Teaching History article
    No institution is better known for its continuing work on the Holocaust than Jerusalem’s Yad Vashem. In this article Richelle Budd Caplan offers guidelines for teachers, based on its unrivalled experience. She demands that our teaching of this subject should aim to restore the identities of the victims. To do...
    Teaching the Holocaust: the experience of Vad Vashem
  • Parallel catastrophes? Uniqueness, redemption and the Shoah

      Teaching History article
    Nicolas Kinloch’s 1998 review of Michael Burleigh’s Ethics and Extermination in Teaching History, 93, sparked a debate amongst our readers about the teaching of the Holocaust, concerning both rationales and practical approaches. Citing the damage caused to pupils’ understanding by a Spielberg view of history, he emphasised that the rationale...
    Parallel catastrophes? Uniqueness, redemption and the Shoah
  • My journey to Bosnia: The Balkans Conflict 22 years on

      A personal account of an educational visit to Sarajevo and Srebrenica
    In these pages HA Education Manager Melanie Jones shares her own personal experiences and reflections from a recent educational visit to Bosnia, and looks at ways in which British schools might be able to explore aspects of the 1990s Balkans Conflict.  In September 2017 I was approached by a small charitable organisation Remembering...
    My journey to Bosnia: The Balkans Conflict 22 years on
  • Polychronicon 165: The 1917 revolutions in 2017: 100 years on

      Teaching History feature
    The interpretive and empirical frameworks utilised by scholars in their quest to understand the Russian revolutions have evolved and transformed over 100 years. The opening of archives after the collapse of the Soviet Union enabled access to a swathe of new primary sources, some of which have had a transformative...
    Polychronicon 165: The 1917 revolutions in 2017: 100 years on
  • Thinking about the ethical dimension

      Teaching History article
    Responding to concerns about Dutch students’ citizenship education, Tim Huijgen, Paul Holthuis, Roel Nijmeijer and Iris van den Brand set out to design online materials to help students understand the decisions and dilemmas faced by past actors. They focused on the life and actions of Rosie Glaser (1914–2000), a Dutch Holocaust survivor,...
    Thinking about the ethical dimension
  • Cunning Plan 126: What can Berlin tell us about Germany in the 20th century?

      Teaching History feature
    Berlin is a microcosm of twentieth century European history; a city that still bears many of the signs and scars of its experiences and upheavals. It is a must for any history department teaching the Modern World, taking history out of the textbooks and breathing life into it. All pupils...
    Cunning Plan 126: What can Berlin tell us about Germany in the 20th century?
  • The League of Nations

      Classic Pamphlet
    It is common to see the failure of the League of Nations in its inability to stand up to the crises of the inter-war years.Peter Raffo shows that the League was flawed from the start. Never more than a voluntary association of sovereign states hoping to create ‘an atmosphere capable...
    The League of Nations
  • Fascism in Europe 1919-1945

      Classic Pamphlet
    The importance of fascism in 20th Century Europe is beyond question. But what was - or is - fascism?It is synonymous with authoritarian rule or the totalitarian state, or with both? In political terms, is fascism ‘right-wing' or ‘left-wing', revolutionary or reactionary? Why did it develop? Was it truly only...
    Fascism in Europe 1919-1945
  • Between the Revolutions: Russia 1905 to 1917

      Classic Pamphlet
    "The key question is this - is the peaceful renovation of the country possible? Or is it possible only by internal revolution?"This quotation succintly expresses the problem that faced both contemporaries and subsequant generations of historians confronting the development of Russia between the revolutions of 1905 and 1917. The upheavals...
    Between the Revolutions: Russia 1905 to 1917
  • The Versailles Peace Settlement

      Classic Pamphlet
    This classic pamphlet takes you through the Paris Peace Conference and the 'German Question', Peacemaking and the Treaty of Versailles, Europe and the German question after Versailles.
    The Versailles Peace Settlement
  • Triumphs Show 192: Balancing micro- and macronarratives of the Holocaust

      Teaching History feature
    Lien de Jong celebrates her 90th birthday in September 2023. In lots of ways, her biography is similar to many Europeans of her generation. She was born, grew up and went to school in The Hague during the 1930s. She trained to work in a nursery. In the 1950s, she...
    Triumphs Show 192: Balancing micro- and macronarratives of the Holocaust
  • Polychronicon 175: Paris 1919 – a century on

      Teaching History feature
    The Paris peace conference resulted in five major treaties, each with one of the defeated Central Powers. Of these the most consequential was the Treaty of Versailles with Germany, signed on 28 June 1919, which was denounced by the young economist John Maynard Keynes in his bestselling polemic The Economic...
    Polychronicon 175: Paris 1919 – a century on
  • Virtual Branch recording: Why has Monarchy survived in Europe?

      Virtual Branch
    In the lead-up to the Queen's Platinum Jubilee, Dr Bob Morris joined the HA Virtual Branch in March 2022 to consider why the monarchy has survived in Europe.  Dr R. M. (Bob) Morris is a Senior Honorary Research Associate at the Constitution Unit, University College London. He was formerly a...
    Virtual Branch recording: Why has Monarchy survived in Europe?
  • Polychronicon 135: Post-modern Holocaust Historiography

      Teaching History feature
    The field of Holocaust studies has been hit by an intellectual earthquake whose precise magnitude and long-term consequences cannot be ascertained at this stage. In 2007 Saul Friedländer published The Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews 1939-1945. The book has been rightly celebrated as the first victim-centred synthetic history...
    Polychronicon 135: Post-modern Holocaust Historiography